Area 02
Electrical circuits
How electric current dey flow, and how to control am
Electrical circuits dey power lights, phones and motors. Here you go learn wetin dey make current flow and how to use am safely.
Wetin you go learn
- Wetin be voltage, current and resistance
- Why circuit must close before current fit flow
- Di difference between series and parallel connections
- Why components need di correct current: no too small, no too much
Example experiments
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Light one LED and choose resistor wey go keep am safe.
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Connect two lamps for series, then for parallel, and compare how dem bright.
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Add switch and find wia to put am so dat e go control di whole circuit.
Tins wey you fit build
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Torchlight wey get switch
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Night light
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Simple alarm wit buzzer
Dis examples dey show di kind work wey dey dis area. Di lessons wey dem go publish fit different.
Try one small model
Dis small models dey run right here for your browser, and dem go still work witout internet once di page don load. Na teaching models wey dem simplify, no be di MEKALUMI simulation engine.
Keep di LED safe
Choose battery and resistor, then close di switch. If di current too small, di LED no go light. If e too much, real LED fit burn out.
- Current
- 11.4 mA
- LED
- E dey shine, and e safe.
Resistor dey limit di current. Ohm’s law dey tell you how much: current = (battery voltage − LED voltage) ÷ resistance.
Model: ideal battery; red LED wey get fixed voltage drop of 2 V, and e dey safe up to about 20 mA.
Wetin di simulation simplify
- Many times, dem dey treat batteries and wires as ideal, but real batteries dey run down and real wires dey get warm.
- Di parts for simulation dey exactly di same; real parts dey different small from each oda.
Every simulation dey simplify reality. To sabi how e dey do am na part of learning engineering.
How e connect to school subjects
Physics, maths (Ohm’s law), technology
Connection to oda areas
Circuits dey lead go digital logic, PCB design, automation and robotics.
E good make you know
Virtual circuits dey safe to explore. Electricity wey dey come from wall socket dey dangerous: no ever do experiment wit am.